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Author: space4knews

सार्वजनिक पुस्तकालयमा समाज कल्याण परिषद्को वक्रदृष्टि

Controversy Surrounds Welfare Council’s Stance on Public Library at Bhadrakali Mandap

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An editorial review of recent events. In Ashadh 2060 BS (June/July 2003), a meeting was held in Kathmandu under the leadership of Dr. Narayan Khadka to establish a public library in the city. On Ashadh 25, 2062 BS (early July 2005), the library was relocated to Bhrikuti Mandap and inaugurated by the renowned cultural scholar Satya Mohan Joshi. However, on Chaitra 30, 2082 BS (mid-April 2026), the Social Welfare Council locked the library, alleging unpaid rent.

On Baisakh 2 (April 15), Kathmandu: In Ashadh 2060 BS, a gathering took place at a dining hall in Dillibazar comprising intellectuals from the community. The meeting, led by Nepali Congress leader Dr. Narayan Khadka, included attendees such as Dr. Kedar Bhakta Mathema and Himalayan Shamsher Jabara. The primary objective was to establish a public library in Kathmandu. To promote a scholarly society through the library’s operation, the Kathmandu Valley Public Library Society was formed in Asoj 2060 BS (September/October 2003).

The Kathmandu Metropolitan City allocated a room in the National Assembly Hall for the library, which operated there for about two years. On Ashadh 25, 2062 BS, the library was shifted to Bhrikuti Mandap, where it was inaugurated by cultural luminary and millennium figure Satya Mohan Joshi. The public library had continuously operated for over 20 years until its ‘dark day’ at the end of 2082 BS when the Social Welfare Council locked its doors, citing issues with unpaid rent.

According to Library Administrator Lila Bhattarai, this was the first time since 2062 BS that the library had been locked. The Kathmandu Valley Public Library Society managed two stalls at Bhrikuti Mandap, owned by the Social Welfare Council. The Council applied its policy of locking stalls across the complex—including private businesses, social organizations, and media offices—to the library as well.

The Council claims that stall number 34, operated by the library, owes NPR 11,353,095 in rent arrears, while another stall, number 38, has an outstanding amount of NPR 17,670,281. A rent agreement had been signed between the Council and the library society on Asoj 21, 2064 BS (early November 2007), granting the library a 75% rent concession compared to others. The lease stipulated monthly payments of NPR 4,844.68 for stall 34 and NPR 7,555 for stall 68, per Bhattarai. She elaborated, “We have consistently paid about NPR 150,000 annually from both stalls. Without renegotiating the old agreement, the Welfare Council treated the library like a private business.”

Social Welfare Council Member Secretary Saroj Kumar Sharma stated, “The Commission for the Investigation of Abuse of Authority (CIAA) raised concerns about the rent concession provided to the library. CIAA has advised that such concessions should not be granted, and we are currently not in a position to clarify the matter.” Although the rent agreements were to be renewed every two years, there has been no renewal. When renewal was proposed in 2066 BS, the Council reportedly responded, “It’s a library; why should it be renewed? Just continue operating.” Bhattarai recalls that days continued without interruption, supported by an annual government allocation of NPR 5 million from the Ministry of Education and additional support from provincial and local governments.

The library houses approximately 40,000 books, magazines, journals, and Ministry of Education reports, gifted by donors and individuals. It also uses a digital system to serve a diverse audience from children to adults, with roughly 200 daily visitors. However, dissatisfaction with the Welfare Council’s actions extends beyond frequent patrons. Citizens nationwide have criticized the closure of a venue that had enhanced educational opportunities.

Library regular Lama expressed, “The government itself should run the library. What kind of welfare is this, closing a library set up for social service? Who benefits from the closure?” She mentioned having recommended the library to dozens of people. In the last fiscal year, 21,362 readers used the library, and 3,000 individuals held annual memberships allowing them to borrow books. The management committee oversees the library on a three-year term, with Congress leader Dr. Govinda Raj Pokharel currently serving as chairperson.

Pokharel emphasized that the library operates not for profit but to promote a culture of learning. “It is inappropriate to treat a shoe store and a library under the same standards,” he said. “Developed countries have established large libraries in main locations. The library is government property and should be managed by the government.” The library employs seven staff members. Many former prime ministers and Nepal’s ambassadors have visited the facility.

The financial crisis leading to closure plans began during the tenure of Education Minister Sumana Shrestha, when the annual budget allotment was suspended. As plans to consolidate the library elsewhere remained incomplete, the Welfare Council locked the stalls in Magh (January/February 2026). Under Mayor Balendra Shah, Kathamandu Metropolitan City’s Chief Administrative Officer Pradeep Pariyar had prepared an allocation of NPR 10 million for the library. However, his transfer led to inaction from the new officer.

Dr. Pokharel stated, “The library survives through reader fees, management, and contributions from private entities and individuals. We have had to raise funds to meet expenses; otherwise, closure was inevitable. We are also encountering challenges managing books and materials.” Conversely, Council Secretary Sharma maintained that rent collection was the only option. “If the government grants a waiver, the situation would improve, but currently we have no choice but to collect rent.”

Since the lockout, some stall owners have reportedly come forward to pay rent or arrange installments. Sharma added, “The Social Welfare Council has directed for immediate full rent payment.”

Government Tightens Control on Illegal Fish Imports, Directs Submission of On-Site Report within Three Days

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The government has issued strict directives to relevant authorities regarding the illegal import, sale, and distribution of Pangas fish from India. The Department of Livestock Services has identified points of illegal fish entry in Morang, Sunsari, and Jhapa districts and has shown active measures to prevent such activities. The department has instructed local administration, police, and armed police to conduct border monitoring and submit an accurate report on the situation within three days.

April 16, Kathmandu – The government has ordered strict action against the illegal import and distribution of Pangas (Pangasius) and other fish species illegally brought from India. The Department of Livestock Services under the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development has communicated with concerned agencies to control such illicit trade along the border areas.

Minister for Agriculture, Forestry and Environment, Geeta Chaudhary, had previously directed all seven provinces and subordinate agencies to maintain the protection of Nepali agricultural products and ensure food hygiene. In line with this directive, the department has intensified efforts to prevent fish imports from India that occur without approval or against standards. This move follows complaints from local fish farmers and entrepreneurs in Morang, Sunsari, and Jhapa that Nepali fish products are losing market share due to Indian fish and that illegal imports are increasing.

According to the department, significant volumes of fish are being illegally transported through areas such as Amduba Farm and Sikti border in Sunsari, Dumaria, Dhanpalthan, Mills area, and Hulash Metal area in Morang, as well as Baluwagadhi and Kankadbhitta border crossings in Jhapa. Information received by the department indicates that such illegally imported fish are openly sold in the markets of major cities including Biratnagar, Itahari, Inaruwa, and Dharan. To halt these illegal imports, the department has issued special instructions to the Animal Quarantine Offices in Kankadbhitta and Biratnagar. It has also mandated coordination with local administration, Nepal Police, and Armed Police to conduct on-site monitoring at the border and submit a factual report to the department within three days.

Supreme Court Orders Immediate Release of Deepak Khadka Citing Legal Violations in Arrest and Detention Extension

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April 16, Kathmandu – The Supreme Court has ruled that the arrest and extension of detention of former minister Deepak Khadka, held during an investigation into money laundering and tax evasion, violated legal procedures. The court has ordered his immediate release. A bench comprising Chief Justice Sapana Pradhan Malla and Justice Shrikant Paudel determined that the legal formalities were not properly followed when Khadka was detained, directing his production before the court.

In its order, the Supreme Court stated, “Based on established principles, the petitioner’s detention does not reflect compliance with due process. His arrest warrant and extension of detention lack legal validity. Since the investigation related to the complaint can be conducted from outside custody, permission from the concerned court should be obtained before allowing him to travel abroad, and he should be released immediately.”

Why the arrest and detention were deemed illegal

The court elaborated on significant legal errors committed during Khadka’s arrest and subsequent extension of detention. It noted that the arrest warrant issued by the police was misused to detain him. According to the court, warrants should only be issued under urgent circumstances such as risk of flight or evidence tampering, a rule that was violated in this case. The Supreme Court found that the District Court’s approval of the warrant lacked sufficient grounds. Furthermore, it pointed out that the preliminary report from the Department of Money Laundering indicated no conflicting criminal records for Khadka, nor has any criminal charge been confirmed to date. The judgment emphasized that detention is not justifiable without definite charges.

The Supreme Court also raised concerns regarding the extension of Khadka’s detention without presenting him before the court. It was found that during the extension granted by the Lalitpur District Court, Khadka was not brought before the prosecuting authority, nor was information about the extension provided to those detained. The court ruled that no substantial basis existed for continued detention. The order stated that requirements for detention during investigation were not established. Although charges under the Revenue Leakage Act were cited for the arrest, Khadka’s statement has not been recorded, nor has the arrest complied with Section 13 of the act. The court noted that this type of case could be investigated without custody. The recent amendment to the Revenue Leakage Act allowing fines and settlements was also highlighted.

The Supreme Court has therefore ordered Khadka’s immediate release and stipulated that he must obtain court permission before traveling abroad.

कसले कसको अधिकार मिच्यो ? – Online Khabar

Whose Rights Were Violated?

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News Summary

  • Dhangadhi Sub-Metropolitan City has directed to start the student admission campaign from Baisakh 4 (April 17, 2024).
  • The federal government had instructed admission to begin on Baisakh 15 and classes on Baisakh 21 (May 2024).
  • The constitution grants local governments full authority over decisions related to education up to grade 12.

April 16, Kathmandu – Dhangadhi Sub-Metropolitan City has directed to start the student admission campaign from Baisakh 4 (April 17, 2024). However, the federal government had instructed that admissions commence on Baisakh 15 (April 28) and classes start on Baisakh 21 (May 4).

Mayor Gopal Hamal of Dhangadhi stated that the admission campaign was allowed by exercising constitutional authority. He said, “We are initiating admissions according to the old academic calendar to avoid disrupting students’ studies,” adding, “Education up to grade 12 falls under the exclusive authority of local governments.”

Dhangadhi is not the first local government to disregard the federal instruction. Municipalities such as Tilottama in Rupandehi, Jhimruk in Pyuthan, Aambukhaireni in Tanahun, and Bandipur have also already started admissions.

Local leaders argue that the federal government’s directive is unconstitutional and that failure to begin classes on time would affect course completion.

The National Federation of Rural Municipalities, the umbrella organization of rural municipalities, has also drawn the federal education minister’s attention on this issue. Laxmi Pande, president of the federation, said they submitted a letter of concern opposing the government’s decision.

Pande, who is also chairperson of Hupsekot Rural Municipality in Nawalpur, emphasized, “No one has the right to undermine the authority granted by the constitution. We operate through coordination under jointly defined authority. Decisions such as when to hold exams, conduct admissions, or start classes are taken independently by the local governments.”

Several decisions in the governance reform agenda, approved under the leadership of Senior Raswpa leader Balendra (Balen) Shah’s government, contradict constitutional provisions and federalism.

One clause in the agenda commits to drafting and approving a national standard for the organization and management survey of federal, provincial, and local bodies within 15 days.

However, another clause shows the federal government making decisions on education matters that fall under the exclusive jurisdiction of local governments.

The government has decreed ending internal exams for students up to grade five starting from the next academic session.

Local Government

Educationist Dr. Bidyanath Koirala says, conceptually the decision to discontinue exams is correct but the process was flawed. He explains, “In terms of thought, this decision is appropriate, but the practice and procedure could have been improved.”

The constitution grants local governments full authority over educational matters through grade 12. According to Schedule 8 of the constitution, basic and secondary education is the exclusive right of local governments.

Narulaal Chaudhary, General Secretary of the Nepal Municipal Association, advises the federal government to consider constitutional provisions when making decisions. He said, “There is no dispute that local governments should decide on matters that fall under their exclusive constitutional rights.”

“Provincial and local governments are not subordinate to the federal government. The authority to decide whether to publish advertisements here and not there does not lie with the federal government.” – Lalbabu Raut, Former Chief Minister of Madhesh Province

The government has further made decisions violating the spirit of the constitution and federalism. On Chaitra 18 (March 31, 2024), the Prime Minister’s Office issued a secretary-level directive instructing provincial and local governments as if they were subordinate entities, issuing them instructions like their own subordinate bodies.

According to the PMO notice, “When publishing and broadcasting public procurement and related information from public bodies via media, Nepal Government, provincial governments, local bodies, and their agencies should arrange for publication and broadcast only through government media such as Gorkhapatra Institution, Radio Nepal, and Nepal Television.”

The decision to restrict publication of public notices in private media remains contentious. Experts and stakeholders consider it legally and constitutionally incorrect.

Former Chief Minister of Madhesh Province, Lalbabu Raut, states the federal government has no authority to direct provincial or local governments. He said, “Provincial and local governments are not under the federal government’s control. The federal government has no right to decide where advertisements can or cannot be published.”

When Raut was chief minister, Madhesh Province filed legal cases against the federal government at the Supreme Court over jurisdictional conflicts.

More than half a dozen cases filed at that time are still pending, and in those decided, the province has prevailed.

On Jestha 23, 2076 BS (June 6, 2019), the federal government merged the Sagararnath Forest Development Project into ‘The Timber Corporation of Nepal’ and registered it as Nepal Forest Limited.

Though the constitution grants forest rights to the provincial government, the federal government’s intervention led Madhesh Province’s Ministry of Industry, Tourism, Forest and Environment to file a case in the Supreme Court.

The Supreme Court ruled that all rights related to forests rest with the provincial government, and directed the federal government to formulate policies accordingly.

Raut noted, “Although the Raswpa-led government promised reforms, some decisions appear to follow past patterns. The constitutionally guaranteed rights of provinces and local governments cannot be undermined by the federal government.”

Article 56 of the constitution establishes Nepal as a federal democratic republic with three tiers: federal, provincial, and local levels. Shared and exclusive rights of all three levels are outlined in the schedules of the constitution.

Subsection 2 of Article 57 specifies that provinces may exercise exclusive rights listed according to the constitution and provincial laws.

Similarly, subsection 4 allows local governments to exercise their exclusive rights per the constitution and laws enacted by village or municipal assemblies.

Constitutional expert Dr. Bipin Adhikari states that no one has the authority to make decisions or issue directives beyond the constitution.

He says, “The federal government may have executive or administrative powers, but it does not have the authority to formulate policies for provincial or local governments.”

Dr. Adhikari adds that only the respective province or local government has the capacity to legislate, make administrative decisions, establish structures, and formulate policies within their jurisdiction. He stresses, “The federal government’s authority cannot extend beyond this, otherwise federalism itself would cease to exist.”

Cooperatives in Crisis: Depositors Urge Authority to Declare 1.5 Billion NPR Misappropriation as Problematic

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The National Campaign for Cooperative Depositors’ Protection has submitted a petition to the National Cooperative Regulatory Authority (NCRA) requesting that 11 cooperative institutions be officially declared problematic in order to facilitate the return of depositors’ savings. Kushalb KC, president of the campaign, revealed that over NPR 148.22 crore has been misappropriated from these cooperatives and that their management is currently out of contact. Dr. Khagaraj Sharma, chairperson of the authority, clarified that the process of declaring cooperatives problematic would only proceed smoothly once the files are retrieved from the Registrar Office, emphasizing the need for coordination. (April 15, Kathmandu)

Victims of cooperative fraud are also demanding that an additional dozen cooperatives be declared problematic. Depositors, facing difficulties in reclaiming their savings, have petitioned the National Cooperative Regulatory Authority to declare these institutions as troubled. On Thursday, the atmosphere at the authority’s office was notably tense, with hundreds of depositors from 11 cooperatives present, accompanied by some police officers. Cancer patients, among others affected, gathered at the authority seeking resolution to the longstanding issue of unrecovered savings. This strong presence reflected their hope for an appropriate solution from the regulatory body.

The delegation of aggrieved depositors was led by Kushalb KC, president of the National Campaign for Cooperative Depositors’ Protection. They carried detailed documents evidencing the failure of these institutions to return depositors’ funds. The group formally requested the authority to initiate the process of declaring these cooperatives problematic and to transfer the files needed for action. Previously, the campaign had filed a similar petition urging the authority to declare 17 cooperatives as problematic.

Following the submission of the petition, the authority took necessary action and forwarded the case to the Ministry of Land Management, Cooperatives, and Poverty Alleviation. However, the ministry returned the files to the authority citing incomplete processes. Kushalb KC indicated that a lack of coordination among the ministry, department, authority, provincial, and local governments has hampered the declaration of troubled cooperatives. Moreover, he pointed out that the involvement of multiple regulatory bodies has further complicated the issue. “We have urged that institutions with no prospect be declared problematic so that the directors’ assets can be liquidated and depositors reimbursed. However, the related agencies tend to pass responsibility onto one another,” he explained.

Mustang Customs Office Collects NPR 5.73 Billion in Revenue

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April 15, Mustang – The Mustang Customs Office located at Lomanthang-1 Nhechung, at the Nepal-China Northern Korala border, has collected revenue amounting to NPR 5.7361 billion. This revenue collection was achieved within seven months since the office became fully operational from September 16 of the current fiscal year.
According to Ramesh Khadka, Chief of the Mustang Customs Office at Northern Korala, imports from China through the Korala border have amounted to goods worth NPR 12.2276 billion in seven months. Likewise, exports from Nepal to China totaled NPR 205.5 million during this period.
Although the Rasuwagadhi and Tatopani customs offices were closed in mid-July and August due to floods and landslides, resulting in a temporary surge in import/export activities through the Korala border, customs chief Khadka noted a recent decline in import and export volumes.
In the past seven months, the Mustang Customs Office at Korala cleared customs for a total of 2,347 electric vehicles imported from China. Additionally, customs inspections cleared 1,818 containers carrying goods from China entering Nepal. On the export side, the office processed 137 containers loaded with domestic products and handicrafts for export, according to Chief Khadka.
Since the full reopening of the Korala border, the Mustang office has witnessed significant growth in trade activities. Nepalese trading companies at Korala have been importing electric vehicles, textiles, cosmetic products, and electronic devices from China.

कसरी चल्दैछ बालेन सरकार, कति मिलेको छ रविसँग तालमेल ?

How Is Balen’s Government Progressing and What Is the Coordination Like with Ravi?

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April 16, Kathmandu – During the Rashwap election campaign, senior leader Balen Shah often waited for party chairman Ravi Lamichhane until late after meals. Ravi, in turn, would usually wait for Balen, the prime ministerial candidate, to finish eating before proceeding.

A similar scenario unfolded on February 24 at an election rally in Itahari. Returning from bird watching at Koshi Tappu, Ravi was found hungry while Balen was still around. According to high-level sources within Rashwap, their relationship is governed by the etiquette of the kitchen, a dynamic that still continues.

One universal truth worldwide is that political relationships are shaped more by psychology than political science. So what is the nature of the relationship between Rashwap chairman Ravi Lamichhane and Prime Minister Balen Shah? For those interested in past political dynamics like Oli–Prachanda, Girija–Deuba, or Madhav–Oli, the recent election results have ignited fresh curiosity, while interest in previous political arrangements has waned.

The Ravi–Balen relationship has its own story, starting from musical evenings held between December and January. Before the unification of Rashwap progressed, then Kathmandu mayor Balen was suddenly preparing to establish a new party called Desh Vikas. When Ravi agreed to select Balen as the prime ministerial candidate, a new chapter in Nepal’s political history began.

In the recent general elections last February, Ravi propelled Balen forward, delivering results close to a two-thirds majority.

Ravi remains neither fully satisfied nor dissatisfied with the government’s work over the past three weeks. He is overseeing government tasks from a ‘guardian’ role as party chairman. While there was initial perception that Balen was singlehandedly leading the government, Ravi views his role as a prerogative, not absolute authority.

This stems from earlier arrangements. Before appointing the Deputy Speaker, Ravi had promised Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal (RPPN) that the position would go to them. Within the parliamentary party, Ravi was to lead, and Balen was to take charge on the government side. However, when Balen’s camp could dominate, lobbying in favor of Ruby Kumari Thakur of the Labor Culture Party caused tension between the two leaders. Ravi’s generosity swiftly resolved the issue.

During the ministerial selection process, Ravi wanted Deepak P. Aryal as Home Minister. But according to senior sources, then Prime Minister Sushila Karki pushed for Sudan Gurung’s appointment instead. Balen supported this, leading Ravi to step back.

According to Ravi, Balen’s team should be given enough freedom to work, but any weaknesses should be addressed through explanations. He has told some ministers and leaders, ‘This is a strong government; the prime minister must be allowed to work.’

Prime Minister Balen consults closely with Chairman Ravi on his decisions. He tends to report to Ravi either in person or by phone, according to sources close to them.

‘Balen is the one who makes the decisions, but it needs to be understood that everything is done in agreement with brother Ravi,’ said a Secretariat member. ‘The party is run by Ravi, the government by Balen, and the parliament by DP Aryal—that is our understanding.’

Some leaders close to Ravi have begun expressing complaints internally that Balen has taken unilateral authority in appointing ministers and parliamentary party positions. They have urged Chairman Ravi to monitor government affairs more closely. However, Ravi has stated that this is not appropriate at this time.

‘I am the prime minister appointed by the party, and while selecting ministers, I have also taken Balen’s convenience into account,’ Ravi said. ‘In the past, attempts by the party to control the government ended in deterioration; that won’t happen this time. If issues arise, we will discuss them as needed.’

Since becoming prime minister, Balen has conducted much work from Singha Durbar. Meetings with Ravi usually take place there or at Ravi’s residence in Budhanilkantha. At the official residence, Balen only meets his chief advisor Kumar Benbah, avoiding other contacts.

‘The prime minister finds it easier to hold discussions at home rather than in places like Baluwatar, Singha Durbar, or party offices. That’s why meetings at Ravi’s house are convenient,’ Kumar Benbah explained. ‘They’ve met there three times. Their relationship is very amicable.’

However, according to a trusted associate of Ravi, Balen has visited Ravi’s residence four times, but Ravi has never gone to Baluwatar.

Security has been tightened unnecessarily at Singha Durbar. Journalists have expressed some dissent. But the Secretariat comments—Singha Durbar feels like a prison even for the prime minister. ‘When leaving Baluwatar, the prime minister reportedly said, “I am going from one prison to another,”’ the Balen team revealed.

Kumar Benbah, Balen’s closest friend and chief strategist, holds an unpaid position as chief advisor. He has informed the Prime Minister’s Office that he does not require salary or benefits.

Since assuming the prime ministership, Balen has accelerated his work pace. Ravi described this as “the year for planting seeds.” Some ministers have expressed dissatisfaction, noting that the prime minister’s secretariat is interfering unnecessarily in their ministries.

Ravi has advised ministers to treat this matter as normal, according to informal conversations with some ministers.

‘Except for the Foreign and Finance Ministries, the prime minister’s secretariat directly intervenes in every ministry, making it difficult for ministers to make their own decisions,’ shared one minister with grievances. ‘It is not right for a non-elected team to run over elected ministers.’

But according to Balen’s secretariat, the recent mandate was given to fulfill Balen’s commitments, and all ministries and state bodies must cooperate. ‘We know most ministers have not yet developed distinct personalities or efficiencies. Now we are all Balen; we are unified, not divided.’

Another minister shared that the Prime Minister’s Office held a separate meeting on Wednesday at Singha Durbar with all personal secretaries of ministers to instruct them on working procedures.

The Prime Minister’s Office organized a separate orientation session at Singha Durbar for all personal secretaries of ministers, teaching them work methods. While Balen engaged with proportional representation MPs, some members of his team were also training the ministers’ personal secretaries to enhance their effectiveness.

Unlike previous prime ministers, who personally met with MPs and party workers, Balen has changed this tradition. He speaks about party matters only with Ravi. For parliamentary party topics, he consulted former Deputy Chairperson Swarnim Wagle and DP Aryal; now Wagle is Finance Minister and DP serves as Speaker. Going forward, deputy leader Ganesh Parajuli, chief advisor Kavindra Burlakoti, and advisors Krantishikha Dhital and Prakashchandra Pariyar will coordinate with Balen on parliamentary party issues.

‘He does not communicate with anyone else about party matters except brother Ravi. He doesn’t meet MPs in person; he reviews bills, complaints, and attention notes digitally, personally monitoring them,’ said a Secretariat member.

There were internal party complaints that Balen’s secretariat played a major role in the dismissal of Labor Minister Deepak Sah. However, chief advisor Kumar Benbah acknowledged that although initially perceived as a routine matter, the issue was serious enough to warrant reviewing CCTV footage before making the decision.

‘We desire no obstruction to good governance; those in high office must be accountable and cannot lie,’ Benbah said. ‘The dismissal of the labor minister is merely an implementation of transparency to date.’

Adobe Officially Launches ‘Firefly AI Assistant’

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Adobe has officially unveiled its new AI assistant, previously demonstrated in October under ‘Project Moonlight,’ now named the ‘Firefly AI Assistant.’ This assistant integrates multiple Adobe applications such as Photoshop, Acrobat, and Express, enabling users to easily complete complex tasks across platforms. The AI assistant will be available for public beta testing within a few weeks.

Key features include cross-app task functionality, allowing Firefly to work seamlessly across various apps like Photoshop, Premiere Pro, Lightroom, Illustrator, and Express simultaneously. Users only need to describe their requirements, and the AI will handle the rest. It also includes smart controls and suggestion tools; for example, when editing a photo with a forest background, the AI provides slider options to increase or decrease the number of trees or leaves.

According to Adobe, the assistant will continuously learn the user’s creative style and preferences over time and provide tailored task suggestions. Multi-step ‘skills’ will automate complex workflows such as social media content creation, handling automatic photo cropping, file resizing, and saving files for different platforms. Improvements for video editing include noise removal from audio via voice commands, music and color adjustments, and direct integration with the Adobe Stock library.

Alexandru Costin, Adobe’s Vice President of AI and Innovation, commented on the technology, stating, “With the Firefly AI Assistant, we have the opportunity to eliminate the hassle of learning to operate multiple apps and offer our customers seamless access to all our services.” Additionally, Adobe is incorporating third-party AI models like Cling 3.0 into its library, providing users with a wider range of options.

Construction of Salyan District Hospital Buildings Resumes After Two Years

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April 16, Salyan – Construction work on two hospital buildings at Salyan District Hospital, which had been stalled for two years, has resumed. The buildings, initiated to expand specialist services in the district, had their contracts awarded to Arogya-Suvedi JV. The contractor had agreed in April 2021 to complete the work within three years. However, the construction faced multiple interruptions and was halted just before the final stages. Due to the expiration of the project deadline, the work remained unfinished for two years. Now, with an extension granted, construction has restarted.

Local residents have welcomed the revival of the long-delayed construction. Manisha Reule, a resident of Siddha Kumakh Rural Municipality Ward No. 3 who had visited the hospital for treatment, expressed her relief at seeing the project restart. “When I came to the hospital five months ago, I was saddened to see the building abandoned,” she said. “I am happy to hear that work has resumed now.”

Upon hearing the news of the restart, Naveen Bali from Nigalchula, Ward No. 12, Bangad Kupinde Municipality, also expressed optimism, hoping specialist treatment services would soon be available. He added that once the new buildings are ready, specialist services will be operated within the district, relieving patients from the burden of paying high fees outside the district. Initiated by the federal government with a project cost of around NPR 180 million, the scheme aims to operate a 50-bed hospital.

Although nearly 75 percent of the construction was completed within a year through the contractor’s work, the remaining work was not finished on time. After the Ministry of Health extended the deadline, the new completion date has been set as Ashad 10, 2083 (approx. June 24, 2026). The construction company aims to complete the remaining work within six months, provided the bills are paid promptly and no further obstacles arise. Currently, Salyan District Hospital serves over 120 patients daily from Salyan as well as neighboring districts Rolpa and Rukum.

Originally operating with a 15-bed capacity, the hospital has increased to 50 beds due to rising patient demand. However, limitations in infrastructure and building space have posed challenges to expanding services. Although additional services like emergency care and laboratory facilities have been added, Dr. Arjun Kumar Budhamagar, head of the Salyan Health Service Office, noted that inadequate infrastructure has hindered effective service delivery. “We are currently providing services in limited facilities,” he said. “Emergency, lab, and ward services have been expanded, but lack sufficient infrastructure.” He emphasized that once the building construction is complete, expanding specialist services will be much more feasible.

अपराजित पन्जाब शीर्षस्थानमा उक्लियो, मुम्बईको चौथो हार

Punjab Kings Maintain Undefeated Streak to Stay at the Top, Mumbai Suffers Fourth Loss

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Former runners-up Punjab Kings continued their unbeaten run in IPL 2026, maintaining their position at the top of the table. Punjab chased down a target of 196 runs in 16.1 overs with 7 wickets in hand against Mumbai Indians. Prabhsimran Singh remained unbeaten on 80, while captain Shreyas Iyer contributed 66 runs as they put together a crucial partnership of 139 runs.

Kathmandu, April 16 – Punjab Kings have risen to the top of the Indian Premier League (IPL) 2026 standings by remaining unbeaten so far. Captain Shreyas Iyer and Prabhsimran Singh’s stellar batting performances led Punjab to victory over Mumbai Indians on Thursday, extending their winning streak. The match was held at the Wankhede Stadium, where Punjab defeated Mumbai by 7 wickets.

Chasing a target of 196 set by Mumbai, Punjab reached the total in 16.1 overs, losing 3 wickets. Prabhsimran Singh scored an unbeaten 80 off 39 balls, including 11 fours and 2 sixes, while Shreyas Iyer made 66 runs off 35 balls with 5 fours and 4 sixes. The two batsmen added a crucial 139-run partnership after Punjab had lost 2 wickets for 45 runs.

For Mumbai, Alam Gazanfarr took 2 wickets and Shardul Thakur claimed 1. Batting first, Mumbai scored 195 runs for the loss of 6 wickets in 20 overs. Quinton de Kock played an unbeaten century, scoring 112 runs off 60 balls with 8 fours and 7 sixes. Naman Dhillon contributed 50 runs, while captain Hardik Pandya added 14. For Punjab, Arshdeep Singh took 3 wickets for 22 runs in 4 overs, while Marco Jansen and Shashank Singh each took a wicket. With this win, Punjab Kings have 9 points from 5 matches with 4 wins and 1 no result. Mumbai, on the other hand, have suffered 4 losses in 5 games and remain in ninth place with 2 points.

Public Debt Surpasses NPR 2.9 Trillion, Per Capita Debt Exceeds NPR 100,000

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News Summary

Prepared by AI. Editorially reviewed.

  • As of the third quarter of fiscal year 2082/83, the government’s public debt has reached NPR 2.933 trillion.
  • This includes NPR 1.388 trillion in domestic debt and NPR 1.545 trillion in external debt.
  • The National Natural Resources and Fiscal Commission has strongly recommended prohibiting the use of domestic debt for current and administrative expenditures.

April 16, Kathmandu – Nepal’s public debt has crossed NPR 2.9 trillion. According to the Public Debt Management Office, by the third quarter (mid-July to mid-March) of the current fiscal year 2082/83, the government’s outstanding debt reached NPR 2 trillion 933 billion 7 crore 94 lakh 6 thousand.

This total comprises NPR 1 trillion 388 billion 11 crore in domestic debt and NPR 1 trillion 545 billion 67 crore in external debt. Within the last nine months alone, the government has taken on NPR 348 billion 15 crore in new debt.

Exchange rate fluctuations have weakened the Nepali currency, increasing the burden of external debt by NPR 115 billion 75 crore, which has significantly contributed to the rapid rise in Nepal’s overall public debt.

Before the start of the current fiscal year, at the end of Ashar (mid-July), the public debt stood at NPR 2 trillion 674 billion 4 crore, which has now neared NPR 2.95 trillion.

When public debt is divided by Nepal’s population, the per capita debt amounts to approximately NPR 105,94. This calculation is based on the latest census reporting a population of 29,164,578 individuals.

External debt accounts for 52.69% of the total public debt, while domestic debt represents 47.31%.

Breakdown of Public Debt

Domestic Debt: NPR 1.388 trillion

External Debt: NPR 1.545 trillion

Total Debt: NPR 2.933 trillion

Based on Nepal’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), public debt accounts for 48.04%, with domestic debt at 22.73% and external debt at 25.31%.

Debt Increased by Nearly NPR 300 Billion in Nine Months

The government raised approximately NPR 345 billion in public debt during the first nine months of the current fiscal year. The annual target for this year is to borrow up to NPR 595 billion. As of mid-March, NPR 348 billion 15 crore has been borrowed, fulfilling 58.45% of the annual target.

Within this period, NPR 283 billion 66 crore was raised through domestic debt against a target of NPR 362 billion, while NPR 64 billion 48 crore was taken from external sources against a target of NPR 236 billion 66 crore. Domestic debt stands at 78.36% and external debt at 27.60% of their respective targets.

Interest and Principal Repayment Reach NPR 258 Billion

The government spent NPR 258 billion 44 crore on principal and interest repayments over the nine months, which is 62.88% of the annual budget. By mid-March, total debt servicing equated to 4.23% of GDP.

Domestic debt principal repayments consumed NPR 163 billion 77 crore, with interest payments outlaying NPR 45 billion 60 crore. External debt principal payments totaled NPR 40 billion 39 crore, with interest payments of NPR 8 billion 67 crore. In total, principal repayments amounted to NPR 204 billion, and interest payments NPR 54 billion 27 crore.

Experts warn that the current situation—where new debt is borrowed primarily to service existing interest and principal—is indicative of a debt trap.

The government has struggled to fully mobilize revenue, and the revenue raised can barely sustain ongoing expenses. This dependence on public debt for financial management and capital expenditure has intensified.

Economist and former Vice-Chair of the National Planning Commission, Prof. Dr. Govind Raj Pokharel, describes this as the country being trapped in a debt cycle. He notes that the increase in debt is largely due to spending in unproductive sectors, failing to generate development.

Similarly, former National Planning Commission Vice-Chair Prof. Dr. Shivraj Adhikari emphasizes that if debt is not allocated to productive and appropriate sectors, the problem will worsen. Most nationally important projects are now in their final phases, and the new government must prioritize completing these swiftly to stimulate the economy.

Both experts suggest that domestic debt should be raised only for targeted projects, with clear details disclosed in the economic survey.

Public Debt Doubled in Seven Years

According to Ministry of Finance data, public debt has nearly doubled over the past seven years. From NPR 1 trillion 433 billion 40 crore in fiscal year 2076/77, it has now nearly reached NPR 2.95 trillion.

Seven years ago, public debt was 38.05% of GDP, now it has exceeded 48%. Reduced grants from the World Bank and decreasing revenue collection contributed to this rise in debt.

Several important government-initiated projects have not delivered expected results, including the Pokhara and Bhairahawa international airports. The Melamchi Drinking Water Project also missed its timelines and suffered damage from natural disasters.

A report from the High-Level Economic Reform Commission highlights that without proper improvements in public debt structure and revenue, the burden of principal and interest payments will continue to increase.

The commission warns that failure to utilize public debt efficiently could entrap the country in a debt spiral and result in budget shortages for essential sectors such as education and health. It recommends adopting fiscal prudence urgently.

Commission Calls to Ban Domestic Debt for Current and Administrative Expenses

The National Natural Resources and Fiscal Commission has strictly recommended prohibiting the use of domestic debt for current and administrative expenditures.

For fiscal year 2078/79, the commission has capped domestic debt borrowing by federal, provincial, and local governments at no more than 5.5% of GDP.

The commission urges that domestic debt investment should be limited to projects that generate employment, provide long-term benefits, and contribute to capital formation—while strictly forbidding its use for current and administrative costs.

In fiscal year 2078/79, domestic debt mobilization was only 1.41% of GDP, with most borrowed funds already allocated to servicing old debt, the commission notes.

It recommends that the project selection process include cost-benefit analysis and economic rate of return assessments to ensure domestic debt is invested only in profitable projects.

The commission also suggests domestic debt be allocated strictly for social sector projects.

When selecting ongoing or new projects, it’s essential to ensure that returns from the project can cover debt servicing and interest payments.

Only projects that are prepared to increase production, create jobs, develop infrastructure, and build capital should receive domestic debt investment, according to the commission.

Three tiers of government are also recommended to clearly specify the source of domestic debt in budgetary planning documents.

Additionally, the commission urges development of an integrated electronic information management, accounting, and reporting system for domestic and public debt managed across the three government levels through the Public Debt Management Office.

To avoid treating domestic debt as future revenue spent in the present, the commission suggests devising plans to improve revenue collection.

‘बाह्रखरी गल्फ तथा इकोनोमिक सिम्पोजियम’ १९ वैशाखमा काठमाडौंमा हुने

‘12 Kharhi Golf and Economic Symposium’ Scheduled for April 30 in Kathmandu

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The 9th edition of the Ncell Business 12 Kharhi Golf Tournament and Economic Symposium is set to take place on April 30 at the Gokarna Golf Course. Amitabh Kant, former CEO of India’s Policy Commission, will participate as the keynote speaker, while Finance Minister Dr. Swarnim Wagle will deliver a special address. Over 100 players are expected to compete in the tournament, with the grand winner receiving a gold ball prize and the Hole-in-One player awarded a BYD Atto 3 car. Kathmandu, April 12 – The ninth edition of the ‘Ncell Business 12 Kharhi Invitational Golf Tournament’ along with the ‘Economic Symposium’ will be hosted this year in Kathmandu. The event was announced during a press conference held by 12 Kharhi Media on Thursday (April 12) in Kathmandu, stating the tournament and symposium are scheduled for April 30 at the Gokarna Golf Course. The 9th ‘Ncell Business 12 Kharhi Golf and Economic Symposium’ will feature Amitabh Kant, a distinguished Indian administrator and former Policy Commission CEO, as the keynote speaker. Kant also serves as Chancellor of MIIT University. During the press meet, Pratik Pradhan, Editor-in-Chief of 12 Kharhi Media, shared details of the event and noted that Finance Minister Dr. Swarnim Wagle will present a special address as the chief guest at the Economic Symposium.

Internal Disputes in Nepali Congress Must Be Resolved Through Dialogue and Consensus

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Internal disputes within the Nepali Congress are intensifying. The Central Discipline Committee has asked outgoing Acting Chairperson Purna Bahadur Khadka for a seven-day clarification regarding allegations of issuing a press release using a fake letterhead. Khadka has rejected the decision, calling it illegal, absurd, and meaningless. He claimed that the issue of the party’s official status is currently under consideration by the Supreme Court and asserted that he used a legitimate letterhead. This controversy has led to a serious clash over discipline and the legitimacy of leadership within the party.

In a brief conversation on this issue, Nepali Congress leader and former Foreign Minister NP Saud said, “It is unreasonable to seek clarification from Mr. Purna. The dispute between the committee elected by the 14th General Convention and the committee elected by the Special General Convention has not yet been finally decided. Since this matter is under judicial review, disciplinary actions against him are irrelevant.” He added, “When there is an unresolved dispute within the party over a matter pending in court, the possibility of division increases.”

Saud further stated, “The Nepali Congress is a historic party. Its unity is extremely important for democracy and nationalism.” He warned that changes made during the membership renewal process could negatively affect internal democracy, fairness, and transparency.

In conclusion, Saud said, “The Nepali Congress can be strengthened only by promoting broad unity, transformation, and regular legal processes without obstacles. Any complex problems can be solved through discussion and dialogue.”

Mahiman Singh Bist Sentenced to Six Months Imprisonment for Involvement in Resham Chaudhary’s Arrest

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Kathmandu, 22 Chaitra – The Kathmandu District Court has sentenced Mahiman Singh Bist, a branch officer of the Supreme Court, to six months imprisonment for offenses related to issuing fraudulent documents. Bist had issued a fake letter that led to the arrest of Resham Chaudhary, the then founding leader of the Civil Liberties Party. Judge Khimanand Bhusal’s bench imposed a six-month jail term along with a fine of NPR 10,000 on Bist.

On 17th Baisakh, based on a letter issued by Mahiman Singh Bist, Resham Chaudhary, a former parliamentarian and protector of the Civil Liberties Party, was arrested. However, the letter, which ordered Chaudhary’s imprisonment despite the case still being under consideration, was later declared unauthorized and illegal by the court. Chaudhary was released within hours of this ruling. Following the incident, Bist was arrested for issuing the fraudulent letter.

The Supreme Court promptly issued another letter to the prison and police authorities to facilitate the release of Resham Chaudhary.

Trump Announces 10-Day Ceasefire Agreement Between Israel and Lebanon

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US President Donald Trump announced that Israel and Lebanon have agreed to a 10-day ceasefire. Trump revealed that officials from the two countries met in Washington D.C. for the first time in 34 years. He also stated that he has directed the Vice President, Secretary of State, and military chiefs to work toward establishing a long-term peace.

April 16, Kathmandu – On Thursday evening, via the social media platform Truth, Trump informed that a ceasefire agreement had been reached within a few hours. “I just spoke with the honorable President of Lebanon, Joseph Aoun, and Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu,” Trump wrote. “These two leaders have agreed to initiate a 10-day ceasefire to establish peace between their countries.”

According to Trump, representatives from both countries met in Washington D.C. for the first time in 34 years, with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio also participating in the discussions. “I have instructed Vice President JD Vance, Secretary of State Rubio, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Dan Caine to work together to establish long-term peace between Israel and Lebanon,” he said. Trump added that resolving nine wars across the world is a matter of his pride, and that this ceasefire will mark the 10th such achievement.